Table of Contents

Binary tree

A binary tree is a treedata structure in which each node has at most two children, which are referred to as the left child and the right child. A recursive definition using just set theory notions is that a (non-empty) binary tree is a tuple (L, S, R), where L and R are binary trees or the empty set and S is a singleton set. Some authors allow the binary tree to be the empty set as well.

Currying

currying is the technique of translating the evaluation of a function that takes multiple arguments into evaluating a sequence of functions, each with a single argument. – wikipedia

High-order function

a higher-order function is a function that does at least one of the following: takes one or more functions as arguments (i.e. procedural parameters), returns a function as its result. All other functions are first-order functions. In mathematics, higher-order functions are also termed operators or functionals.

Event loop

The event loop got its name because of how it’s usually implemented, which usually resembles:

while (queue.waitForMessage()) {
   queue.processNextMessage();
 }

queue.waitForMessage() waits synchronously for a message to arrive if there is none currently.

A very interesting property of the event loop model is that JavaScript, unlike a lot of other languages, never blocks. Handling I/O is typically performed via events and callbacks, so when the application is waiting for an IndexedDB query to return or an XHR request to return, it can still process other things like user input.

Prototype

When a function is created in JavaScript, the JavaScript engine adds a prototype property to the function. This prototype property is an object (called a prototype object) that has a constructor property by default. constructor property points back to the function on which prototype object is a property. We can access the function’s prototype property using the syntax functionName.prototype.

Encapsulation

Encapsulation refers to enclosing all the functionalities of an object within that object so that the object’s internal workings (its methods and properties) are hidden from the rest of the application. This allows us to abstract or localizes specific set of functionalities on objects.

Can you draw an algorithm?